In September 1961, former Brazilian President Juscelino Kubitschek visited U.S. President Kennedy in Washington to discuss the Goulart presidency. During the visit, the two talked about the recently inaugurated Alliance for Progress, which was a reformulation of a plan Kubitschek had presented to Nixon in 1958, called Operation Pan America. To read a transcript of this conversation, go here: Conversation between Kennedy and Kubitschek (September 15,1961).

Read Kennedy’s announcement of the Alliance for Progress (March 13, 1961).

Read about the similarly strategic Peace Corps, which Kennedy announced on October 14,1960.

Read about Kennedy’s policy toward the newly inaugurated government of Janio Quadros, and U.S. plans for anti-communist investment in Brazil in this memo: Establishing Relations with the New Brazilian Administration (February 1, 1961).